Although Resources Are Not The Most Important Part Of Education, There

Although resources are not the most important part of education, there are several components that help to develop an environment in which music flourishes. Like any other classroom, a music classroom should be equipped with basics such as a chalkboard and desks. The best chalkboards include sections that are lined with the lines of a musical staff. It is also desirable to have a room large enough to allow activities that include movement. It is important that the teacher has access to instruments to be used in teaching. It is standard teaching procedure that general music students learn to play the recorder in the fourth grade. In order to complete this lesson, the teacher must be able to equip each student with a quality recorder to use for the duration of the lesson. It is not favorable to share instruments because valuable time is wasted in changing mouthpieces and sanitizing the recorder. Orff methodology, a popular technique for teaching music to children, is based on the use of "Orff instruments." These instruments are typically types of barred percussion instruments like the xylophone. This methodology is highly effective because it produces quick results, but the classroom must be equipped with the appropriate Orff instruments in order for the exercises to be successful. In recent years, technological advances have made it easier for young music students to create their own compositions using Orff methodology and computer notation software such as "Encore." With the resources provided by a classroom computer, students are able to create a melody using a MIDI keyboard and the notation software will translate the melody into sheet music. An ideal learning environment includes all of these elements. The spacious classroom pictured has a variety of instruments including a full family of recorders (soprano, alto, tenor, and bass) as well as a variety of Orff instruments. The classroom computer and MIDI keyboard create a "composition corner" in which the students can create their own songs. The teacher is able to share these works off the computer with the class with the use of a LCD panel. This classroom is an environment in which the students have every opportunity to learn about music in a "hands-on" type fashion.

Natural Technological Environment of Subway Sandwich Essays

Natural Technological Environment of Subway Sandwich Essays Natural Technological Environment of Subway Sandwich Paper Natural Technological Environment of Subway Sandwich Paper There are include, all new and remodeled stores are now using energy efficient lighting saving electricity as well as low flow water faucets saving an estimated 182. 1 million gallons of water annually and todays the majority of the packaging used in subway restaurant is made with recycled content and 100% can be recycled or composted. Besides, subways are in the process of moving to these packaging specifications globally. Nowadays there are 14 Subway Echo Restaurant are available and operating. These are the stores that built and designed to be more energy efficient, conserve water and reduce asset. Subway is trying to provide their franchise by having the best solutions to help them get improved on their operations focusing on energy efficiency, resource conservation, waste reduction and food safety. Energy Efficiency is design and the nature of our product offering our operations are fairly energy efficient but as energy costs continue to raise it is important to improve the energy efficiency of our restaurants. Lighting and electronic signage are the most important components of the restaurants and are the big users of energy in the store. Over the past few years, they have been improving their energy efficiency by shifted all new and remodeled restaurants to high efficiency lighting and made LED exterior signage optional in 2008 and then they are began to transition to LED lighting for sandwich units. Subway is in the process of piloting the use of additional energy saving equipment, features and processes such as LED interior lighting. So on water conservation, many regions around the world are beginning to experience varying degrees of water stress due to increases in population, weather tatter changes or adequate water management infrastructure that can result in inadequate supply of safe drinking water. For many years, recycling and composting bins have been available for franchisers for aiming to recycle compost. Subway restaurants are required to maintain a litter free environment and we encourage our customers to recycle. Subway are worked with their suppliers to optimize how our products are packaged to reduce waste streams for breads, meats, cheeses, sauces, produce, paper products and cleaning products used in our restaurants. For example, the sauces and most of the tuna are now in film pouches which require less energy to package and transport and remove 6 million pounds of corrugate from our waste stream annually. By removing the paper interline between our sliced cheeses, an additional 450,000 pounds of paper has been removed from our waste stream annually. In today, franchisees have the option to portion some ingredients using a scoop. This process eliminates the need to pre-proportions in food trays and removes additional packaging from our waste stream annually. Furthermore packaging the packaging goal is to only using the packaging that can be able to recycled or composted where facilities exists. The Subway restaurant franchisees have the option to serve their dine- in guests with a reuse able basket lined with deli paper or lined tray. This will be the approach minimizes the associated waste stream and improves the meal presentation. However, the franchisees conform to all the local legislation and having the recyclable paper bags that made with 100% recycled paper or reuse able bags are available for those areas that restrict or an plastic bag usage. In additional, the echo-restaurants are Subway franchisees are entrepreneurs and they are many visionaries dedicated to supporting their communities and the environment. In fact, Some have built ECHO-Restaurants designed to conserve resources during the development process and set the stage for efficient operations in the future. Technological environment The food safety and food quality are the top priority for Subway. The goal for Subway is to serve food that is consistently the highest quality of meats and feet standards from all the time when it is put into a sandwich or salad. To ensure that the food that been serve is always fresh and sustainable produced they have well as stringent audit process that they will be enforce throughout their supply chain as well as require ire that their suppliers employment practices meet their Vendor Code of Conduct. By giving the high standards for food safety to ensure that the entire Subway customer will getting the quality from the Subway brand. It starts with setting detail product pacifications followed by the inspection of samples that pulled from the distribution to ensure that specifications are being met. The Subway brand Office of Food Safety and Quality Enhancement team will review all the Subway food safety and quality programs and might giving recommendation for improvement if its needed. This team will be works together with the vendors to achieve the subway food safety and the quality improvement goals. Food safety is one of the main important roles in the Subway restaurant. Sandwich Artists are required to always follow the strict hand gashing procedures and proper glove usage for all food handling processes.

Starbucks Marketing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Starbucks Marketing Strategy - Essay Example When the company was established, it began as a lone store in the famous Pike Place Market in Seattle. During those days, the company offered some finest fresh-roasted bean coffees worldwide. Consequently, the Starbucks was considered to be the best coffee company since it did not only brought the feeling of connection but also celebrated coffee. Starbucks company has a team of leadership that ensures that all goes well in the company. The company has a chairman, Howard Schultz. He is also the chief executive officer of the company. Adam Brotman is the chief digital officer while Michael Conways serves as the president of the Starbucks Global Channel Development. Also, the company has an executive vice president of Starbucks Global Chanel Development. Other key leaders in the company include Jeff Hansberry, president of Evolution Fresh, Lucy Lee, the executive vice president, general counsel and secretary, executive vice president and chief partner (human) resources officer, Scott Pitasky and Sharon. There are many more people holding different leadership positions in the company to ensure that the company runs smoothly without anything that would encourage its downfall. Most of the leaders are trained and equipped for their positions. One of the greatest challenges of the company is climate change. It is important to know that almost a half of the coffee in the whole world is produced in accordance to the sustainability standard though on only 12 percent of the world coffee is sold in the market as a sustainable. Therefore, there is a need that the coffee company should have its definition of sustainability. However, for this to be established, there is a need that the company should be committed to facilitating the increasing demand for sustainability.

FINAL EAM HIS. 101 #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

FINAL EAM HIS. 101 #2 - Essay Example Plague is also associated with the swelling of the lymph nodes. Plague is a deadly diseases. It resulted in extraordinary cases of mortality in Europe. Because of this, the emergence of plague brought about demographic, economic, and psychological effects. As far as demographic effects id concerned, the Black Death resulted in massive loss of people. The sources claims those two years following the emergence of plague, approximately one of every three people was dead. Furthermore, the findings state that the plague affected both the professionals and the common people. For examples the findings that were collected regarding the loss, soul states that professions suffered higher mortality. The most affected professions were those that tried t control or diagnose the disease. These include the doctors and the clergy. The findings states that approximately two of nine physicians only survived. The plague greatly reduces the productive generation both in the countryside and in the cities. Additionally, the condition did not left behind the university students and the professors. The source has that the whole community of elites suffered. It further states that the condition lead to the closure of the universities and schools located in re gions hardest hit by the disease. This greatly affects the demographic characteristic of the Europe. As far as the economy is concerned, the documented sources states that the plague disrupted the financial business to a greater extend. It lead to the death of debtors and hence forcing the creditors and the money lending institution to remain without recourse. The development of infrastructure was also affected due to loss of artisans. The losses of skilled personnel lead to collapse of mills and other special machinery. The loss of massive population also lead to labor shortages, which, in turn, resulted into negative repercussion such as increase in ages as well as decrease in the prices of goods. This

Shells international business Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Shells international business - Research Paper Example Even though there are many energy sources, oil seems to be the most popular energy source in the world even now. It is often said that the economic growth of a country depends on its ability to produce or import oil resources at the cheaper rate. This is because of the fact that the majority of the industrial equipment and automobiles in the world are using oil as the fuel. Global economic growth is linked to oil prices. Any fluctuations in oil prices may create immense economic changes as well as changes in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, unemployment and inflation rates in the world. For example, the 1973 -1975 oil price hike has shocked the world economy. The growth rate fell to 2.1% in 1974 and to 1.45 in 1975. The worldwide trade growth rate also dropped heavily from 12% in 1973 to -5.4% in 1974 and -7.3 in 1975. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has dropped from 40% in 1973 to half of it in 1974 (Oil prices and the global economy, n. d). According to a study by IMF Research Department (2000), â€Å"there will be a transfer of income from oil consumers to oil producers; there will be a rise in the cost of production of goods and services in the economy†. In short, oil seems to be an essential commodity required for global economic growth. In the oil business, the Royal Dutch/Shell Group of Companies needs no introduction in the global market. They are one of the largest global group of energy and petrochemicals companies with around 92000 employees in more than 70 countries and territories.

Relationship Between Insomnia And Depression Psychology Essay

Relationship Between Insomnia And Depression Psychology Essay Nowadays, insomnia is the most widespread sleeping disorder of this century. Being one of the most common sleep disorders, insomnia can be defined as inability to maintain a good sleep hygiene. According to epidemiological studies, atleast one third of the general population suffer from sleep troubles and among this, the incidence rate of insomnia is around 6% to 10% (Daley et al. 2009). Insomnia can be viewed as either being a symptom or a syndrome; the term secondary effect or symptom can be applied in cases set off by psychiatric afflictions, diseases, intake of illicit drugs or excess of alcohol and even an aggregate of all these factors coupled with stress, anxiety or depression (Sivertsen et al. 2009). Insomnia can be evaluated using the Insomnia severity index (ISI) which based on the patients providing an assessment of the intensity of their symptoms (Bastien et al, 2001). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) which makes use of questionnaires is a practical way to assess the sleep quality along with the troubles causing it over a certain period of time (Backhaus 2002). Insomnia is regularly linked to psychiatric disturbances such as depression. Some researches show that depression is the factor that causes insomnia while others disagree by stating that in fact, insomniacs are more prone to develop depression (Isaac Greenwood 2011). Depression can be investigated using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). This literature review will be focused on defining the different types of insomnia and whether or not they are caused by depression. The flow of the bidirectional relationship between insomnia and depression will also be presented to determine which one of these two is a risk factor. Insomnia caused by depression Types of insomnia Primary Insomnia Primary insomnia (PI) is the repetitive inability to commence or uphold sleep and this excludes any natural or psychotic disturbances (Backhaus 2002). This has an impact on the quality of life of the patient causing distress and unfitness both socially and physically. Woods et al. 2008 reports that PI occurs in atleast 3% of the population in the western developed nations. According to a study conducted in the general population by Morin et al. (2006), people complaining of dissatisfaction in their sleep are more like to be developing insomnia symptoms compared to those have an appeasing and pleasant sleep. Some of the symptoms that might qualify a person as being insomniacs are: difficulty to fall asleep, have trouble in upholding sleep, waking up early in the morning or have a non-regenerative sleep; these symptoms can either appear individually or in combination with one another as shown in studies by Leger et al. (2010). PI does not occur due to any other particular health condit ions. It is independent of other factors. Secondary Insomnia As defined by the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders), secondary insomnia can be linked to mental disturbances, trouble to sleep owing to a medical state or stimulation by a substance. Secondary insomnia is one which is related to another mental disturbance whereby one of the chief grievances is based on the inability of start or maintains a proper sleep and that the sleep even of it is initiated is not rejuvenating at all and this spans for over a period of atleast one month. It occurs in close collaboration with other psychiatric and medical conditions whereby clinical depression is one of the main concern, this state is considered as a causative agent for insomnia. Transient or Acute Insomnia Insomnia can be classifies as being transient or acute is the delay of sleep disturbance expand over a period of less than a few nights or not more than three to four weeks (Fetveit et al. 2008). This type of insomnia is more likely to occur in people who have no previous history of sleep disorders but who have been exposed to some distinctive cause such as caffeine intake, nicotine or any other medications. Chronic Insomnia Chronic insomnia can be interpreted in two different ways; either as a syndrome as a whole similar to PI or as being the consequence arising from a medical ailment such as secondary insomnia or mental imbalance such as major depression, anxiety or by overdose of drugs and alcohol (de Sainte Hilaire et al. 2005). In relation to Fetveit et al. (2008), primary insomnia caters for around 25% of all the cases of chronic insomnia. 2.2 The Mechanism of how Depression causes Insomnia Depression is a factor that triggers insomnia by causing imbalance or deficiency in terms of serotonin which is monoamine neurotransmitter. These particular serotonergic activies govern the sleep regulation. According to studies conducted in vivo by Joensuu et al. (2007), the availability of the serotonin transporter (SERT) changes at different stages of depression and this can be proved by using a technique known as SPECT (Single proton emission tomography). This decline in terms of SERT which is due to depression is mostly localised in the diencephalon in the mid part of the brain (Joensuu et al. 2007). This decline in terms of serotonin level negatively influences the sleep patterns since the serotonin is key constituent affecting both the sleep phases and mood (Buckley Schatzberg 2010). The hypersecretion of cortisol along with ACTH is an indicator of insomnia. Changes made to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis along with the mode of action of the hormone that predict s the start of sleep triggers the onset of depression. The hormone melatonin keeps the circadian rhythm of the body constant. Some studies show that depression causes the level of melatonin to drop which in turn causes a domino effect on the serotonin level. In people with major depressive syndromes, the concentration of cortisol is much higher than that of melatonin (Buckley Schatzberg 2010) as shown in the graphs below which highlights the relationship between the level cortisol and melatonin. Fig. 2 shows the phase relationship between cortisol and melatonin for healthy control compared to the one suffering from mental disorder (Buckley Schatzberg 2010). Yet, there are still other numerous neurobiological mechanisms like the deficiency of the monoamine neurotransmitters, excessive activity in the HPA axis, the faulty action of the gene related to plasticity and circadian genes mutation that can give an explanation on the irregularity in terms of sleep patterns in depressive patients (Benca Peterson, 2008). This diagnosis of sleeping troubles using only polysomnography is not reliable and must be supported by functional imaging or EEG activity patterns to define the correlation between the behavioral and experimental observations (Benca Peterson 2008). The bidirectional flow of the relationship between insomnia and depression Depression causes insomnia In those people who suffer from MDD, one of their major grievances is insomnia. In the adult population, around 60% of them that fits the criteria defining MDD whine about insomnia and an average of 10% to 20% of the insomniacs show signs of MDD (Fava et al. 2006). Using multiple variances, the mean values mean response for two particular groups (insomniacs with or without symptoms of depression) responses pertaining t to BDI-II were analyzed. From the total score derived from the BDI-II, it was seen that depressed plus insomniac participants attained much higher grades on the total score scale in contrast to those with solely insomnia. A feature that highlights depression is the shift in the sleep pattern that leading to insomnia and other disturbances. Among 90% of the depressive patients are insomniacs as well according to a study by Fava et al. (2006), this clearly emphasize on the co-existence of depression and insomnia. Insomnia triggers depression Though not the only one, insomnia is regarded as being the main factor that has an impact on depression. Studies conducted by Pigeon et al. (2008), patients with insomnia are more likely to become depressed and remain so. From the cohort study obtained from health surveys of the HUNT-2 by Neckelmann et al. (2007), the relationship between insomnia and depression is simply based on their resemblance to one another. This defines insomnia as a state marker for depression. As established by Taylor et al. (2005) with BDI and sleep diaries to support the research, the probability of insomniacs developing depression was 9.82 times more than people without insomnia as presented by the table 1. Further, this same study states that the depression score for patients with combined insomnia is much higher compared to other studies. Table 1. Prevalence Rates expressed using the Beck Depression Inventory Score to relate insomnia and depression (Taylor et al. 2005). From the direct analysis of figure 3 below that 4 out of the 5 different depression statuses prevail from persistent insomnia while more than 50% of the sample did not remit or have an improvement from the condition (Pigeon et al. 2008). This proves that insomnia (persistent or intermediate) does have a significant impact on the number of people with improved condition. All these facts boil down to the fact that insomnia is certainly a major risk factor for depression. Fig. 3 highlights the relationship of insomnia and how it is a risk factor for depression (Pigeon et al. 2008) Discussion Different types of insomnia react differently when exposed to other factors such as MDD for example it does not in any way cause primary insomnia however in cases of secondary insomnia, it is considered as being the most crucial factors based on studies related to DSM. This study did not really determine whether a correlation exists between insomnia and depression since they have common symptoms, yet the use of BD1-II did perceive the symptoms of depression in insomniacs. The PSQI has a high sensitivity and specificity for insomnia patients in comparison to healthy controls, thus underscoring that it is a good measure for differentiating between good sleepers and patients suffering from sleep disturbances. Our data suggest, however, that the cut-off score should be set to 6 in order to maximize specificity while only modestly reducing sensitivity. In sum, the PSQI proved to be a valuable adjunct to clinical work on insomnia and is a useful first-line, easy-to-handle, and time-efficient questionnaire to evaluate sleep disturbances. Conclusion

Sensual Meditation in the world today. :: essays research papers

Happiness is our natural state Humans were designed to be happy, creative and in harmony with the universe at all times. Just like a flower which automatically thrives and blossoms given the right conditions, so does human happiness and consciousness. If the conditions are right, everyone would be in a permanent state of natural ecstasy, living in the here-and-now. Fear switches off higher consciousness and turns us into obedient malleable citizens But we are not quite in such a paradise yet, unfortunately the world is only just emerging from millennia's of bigotry, state brutality, religious and paramilitary intolerance, famine, disease and pain, where our fragile existence could at any moment be destroyed by the ravages of invading hoards, or the sadistic whims of greedy landlords, ignoble dictators and corrupt governments. All this pain numbs our senses, generation after generation, and forces our mind and body to remain in a sort of biological emergency mode just for survival. In order to escape from possible danger, the brain has to mobilise all its forces to fight or flee, which for the sake of energy management, switches off the higher centers of consciousness, and leaves us in a state of anxious numbness. If the state of fear is prolonged, this turns to despair or frustration, which lead to increased aggression, be it directed towards oneself as in suicide, or towards others as in public violence. This does not justify terrorism, but it does illustrate that the solution for such desperate acts of violence is not to respond with knee-jerk declarations of war and bully people into submission through organised brutality, but rather to remove the root causes of suffering by providing love and hope. Don't be fooled by the jingoistic calls to fight by anyone, not only because fighting is part of the problem, but also because this call to arms is always a cynical means for a corrupt authority to maintain its dominance. By carefully cultivating an atmosphere of fear, they are maintaining your brain in a constant state of mental emergency, which very conveniently switches off your higher brain centers and makes you more malleable to their suggestions. Wake up! Don't let yourself be taken in. Governments and religious institutions don't have your interest at heart, they are just fronts to make money and maintain power, the puppets of economic giants acting behind the scenes. They lie behind their smiles and benedictions before the elections but behind your back they are laughing all the way to the bank.

Biomedical Engineering

Biomedical engineering is the study of medical systems and the products used to treat patients. This is used in hospitals and labs by bioreactors. Scientists use this type of engineering to develop fake skin cells for people who have been in a fire, had a deep cut, or a amputation. To maximize the chance of a safe, clean, and bacteria-free cut. Scientists have made a pair of socks that control and monitor diabetic feet and prevent amputations for the patient. It helps cleanse the wound and alcohol is placed in the sock. Fake human tissue is made in labs and some people have it to cover up burns or deep wounds. This fake tissue is 3D printed and it replicates someone's cells and produces them. This replaces stem cells in the body and also helps the body heal faster and more properly. Patients who have had a side of their body burned have to stay in the hospital for up to six months sometimes even longer depends on the degree of the burn. he fake skin was made for people to help them heal faster and it has saved people from getting amputations. This synthetic skins breaths, operates blood flow and heals just like normal skin. They are made out of salt water and organic fibers, some prosthetics even have this synthetic skin on them to blend in with someone like it's their real arm. This skin helps in research as well, scientists inject diseases into it to see the reactions to tell if it's safe for humans. It can replace tumor cells once its out, the skin can be placed in the spot to help heal. Regulating protein count and fibers in the body and seeks signs of cancer. Artificial organs are being made in labs to help people who will die without a transplant and who doesn't have time to wait on doctors to find a doner. Organs-on-a-chip are used to test drugs and help researchers understand how the organ works. The tubes have a vacuum chamber which goes inside the organ and stretches the membrane and expands which can collect up to 50,000 cells. These organs are man-made and people who need transplants can go with the artificial organs instead of waiting for the plane to get there. It's used to pump blood through the body to keep all the cells alive, it decreases the impeller axis shift to help blood flow to the brain. If the organs takes too long, it can lead to infections then it will most likely spread throughout the body to other organs. The other organs would need a transplant as well unless the proper treatment is available at the time. Prosthetics are being made more efficient than ever. Biomedical engineers have made many life enhancing technologies for people who don't have their limbs anymore. There are more prosthetics a than arms and legs, there are fingers, racing blade leg, and even eyes. Approximately 1,000,000 people are deaf in the United States. There are now ears made out of the fake tissue cells and natural rubber that matches the patient's skin tone. They look just like a real ear and it has a hearing aid in the center of it to help the patient hear. It helps as a appearance and aesthetics just like a fake eye, it's hard to tell that the ear is fake. Implants are available as well, the prosthetic is made from a silicone mold of the patient's ear to fit them just right. A very small amount of spirit gum is applied at the base and the middle of the ear to get it to stay attached to the patients face. Farmers use pesticides to keep bugs and animals away that might eat their crops. If an animal eats a part of the crops then the farmer just lost that profit. Farmers want to do everything they can to keep their crops from bugs. Some pesticides are illegal in the U.S, they are toxic and sometimes they can release toxic fumes into the air that we breathe. Pesticides do more than harm pests, they can be dangerous for the human who consumes them. The symptoms of pesticides are nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, headaches, dizziness, and even death if the poison is in your bloodstream for too long. They also damage the richness of the soil, so by farmers using pesticides on their crops they are hurting their sales in the long run. The soil will lose its nutrients from the poisoning and then water erosion happens which washes away the soil particles making it just plain dirt. Adding more soil to the dirt will not help out the nutrients, it can't compensate for the loss of nutrients in the topsoil. Farmers using GMOs to help their farm animals grow larger so they can sell more product is not illegal. Many farmers use them and GMOs allow them to place unnatural chemicals that make the food taste better so consumers will buy more of their product. Farmers are altering genetic material to produce artificial organisms. GMOs can be used in plants just like animals, in plants it helps them grow faster to produce more to sell. It helps the food the plants make taste better by altering its DNA. The DNA is extracted from sweet alyssum which plant grows the fastest. Scientist take that trait and create GMOs for their plants so they can grow faster. GMOs aren't dangerous to humans unless there are pesticides used on the plants to keep the bugs away. Scientists cross-breed these organisms in labs with bacteria and virus genes. A bonus to genetically altered food is longer shelf life, they are better for the consumer, and it takes less land to grow more food. Biomedical technology helps scientists find cure for diseases like smallpox, rinderpest, polio, yaws, and malaria. Biomedical engineering helps scientists understand how to cure diseases and create a cure for a disease unknown to mankind faster. Biomedical engineers are now closer than ever before to finding a cure for cancer, reporters say it will take about another five to ten years before they actually finish and perfect the cure. They are trying to use heat radiation to kill the cancerous cell through the body without Chemo or an incision. Another widespread disease that affected a lot of people across the world is malaria. Malaria is a plasmodium parasite transmitted by the bit of a mosquito. This disease started from Sub-Saharan countries in Africa, its hot there so the bugs are abundant. Mosquitos traveled from that area to all across the world carrying the disease. The cure was developed by Charles Louis Lavern on November 6, 1880. Back then, there wasn't many cures for disease just medicine to help control it. That was a long time ago and thanks to biomedical engineering, scientists can develop cures much faster and efficient such as someone taken the cure will most likely never get that disease again. Biomedical engineering helps healthcare. It produces more accurate equipment used in hospitals and on animals. Healthcare is so much more advanced now than it used to be, when babies or animals get their shots there didn't used to be any back then. They would just have to go without them and that's why disease was so rapidly growing, because there wasn't many cures but now everything is different. Even simple procedures like getting a cut or a burn required special attention and days of preparation to get better. Now they just give out stitches and anti-bacterial cream to clean it. All of us as a nation have came so far and within time, scientists will discover more and more treatments and cures. There are cures now using antimicrobials to kill microorganisms to stop their growth and to stop the spreading throughout the body. They are injecting good organisms into the body to kill off bad organisms that make someone sick. The earliest type of microorganisms were Penicillin, Salvarsan, and Prontosil and they were one of the biggest scientific advantages of all time. This was a new level of medical care, Pharmacists could only progress and discover more medicines. There are now antimicrobials in hand soaps and Hand Sanitizers which is available on the go. Agents such as bacteria, mildew, and mold that are used to make the organisms in the medicine. The helpful microbes come into contact with the surface and penetrate the cell blocking the harmful microbe to kill off and to limit the cell from growing and spreading from another part of the body. Anti Microorganisms work in the way similar of insecticides and fungicides because of how they disinfect, sanitize, and protect against infections. Peptidoglycan layers act as a spine to a cell and it allows in nutrients to enter the cell like acids and sugars. Vitamins can not enter the cell so the bacteria trapped in the cell must make its own. Cell manipulation is alter genetic human cells

Raul Leoni Essays - Third Portuguese Republic, Miguel Vargas

Raul Leoni Essays - Third Portuguese Republic, Miguel Vargas Raul Leoni Ral Leoni naci en Utapa (estado Bolvar), en 1905 y muri en Nueva York en 1972. Ral Leoni fue abogado y poltico venezolano, fue electo presidente de la Repblica de Venezuela en 1964 hasta 1969. A los 16 aos estuvo preso en la crcel de Rotunda por participar en la lucha estudiantil. Curs sus estudios de derecho en la Universidad Central donde alcanz la presidencia de la Federacin de Estudiantes de Venezuela y encabez las protestas de 1928 contra e rgimen de Juan Vicente Gmez, por sta razn tuvo que irse en 1928 de Venezuela a Colombia para un largo exilio, hasta 1936. Una vez muerto Gmez, regres Leoni a Venezuela, participando desde su llagada en las actividades de los sectores polticos de izquierda. En 1937 fue expulsado del pas junto a otros dirigentes polticos. Se dirigi a Colombia, donde continu sus estudios hasta graduarse en Derecho y Ciencias Sociales en la Universidad de Bogot. En Junio de 1939 regres a Venezuela para incorporarse a la actividad clandestina del Partido Democrtic o Nacional (PDN). En 1941 particip en la fundacin del partido centrista Accin Democrtica, liderado por Rmulo Betancourt. Tras la revolucin de 1945 que derroc a Isaas Medina Angarita, a Leoni fue ministro de trabajo durante el gobierno de Rmulo Gallegos desde 1945 hasta 1948. En 1948 tuvo que exiliarse de nuevo por el golpe militar que derroc a Rmulo Gallegos y no pudo volver hasta que termin la dictadura de Marcos Prez Jimnez en 1958. El 1 de Diciembre de ese 1963 fue elegido presidente de la Repblica e inici su mandato en Marzo de 1964, continuando con la poltica econmica y social de su predecesor y maestro Rmulo Betancourt. Durante su gobierno tuvo que hacer frente a la intensificacin de la actividad guerrillera del FALN (Fuerzas Armadas de Liberacin Nacional), por lo que firm con el presidente colombiano Guillermo Len Valencia el pacto antiguerrillero de Ro Arauca en el ao 1966. Al siguiente ao en 1967 tuvo que suspender las garantas constitucionales y su partido sufri una divisi n que dio origen a un nuevo partido llamado MEP (Movimiento Electoral del Pueblo). En las elecciones de 1968, el candidato de su partido, Gonzalo Barrios, fue derrotado. En 1969 Ral Leoni traspas su poder al presidente electo Rafael Caldera.

Second-Grade Goals for Students After the New Year

Second-Grade Goals for Students After the New Year In order to hit developmental benchmarks, it helps to have parents on your side. These are a few second-grade goals for students to complete after the new year. Share them with parents during conferences so they will have a rough idea of the expectations you have for their child. All children learn differently and are not alike, but it helps to have a few general goals listing which skills students will need to know by the end of the school year. Goals to share with parents should include a focus on reading, math, writing, and what to work on at home. Reading Goals Second-grade students should be able to recognize words as chunks, not just individual letters. For example when looking at the word cheat, the second-grade student should be able to recognize the word eat. Other reading goals include: Increase reading fluency and expression.Use punctuation appropriately.Identify an increasing number of words by sight.Be able to identify the speaker in a story.Retell a story by providing details. Students should also be able to use graphic organizers- visual and graphic displays that organize ideas and demonstrate relationships between different information and concepts- to show an understanding of story elements such as the main character, plot, main idea, supporting details, setting, solution, and theme. Additionally, second-grade students need to strengthen their comprehension skills when reading independently.  They should  be able to identify the main idea in the story as well as locate supporting details, infer, and be able to answer text-specific questions. (This is now a part of the  common core.) Math Goals Second-grade students must able to simplify word problems and directions when needed. They need to have the ability to take their time and work through a problem until it is completed properly. Other math goals include: Recite 25 math facts in one minute.Understand math vocabulary and recognize it. For example, they must be able to recognize what the question is asking, such as: What is place value?Use appropriate tools to strategically to solve a problem.Mentally calculate sums and differences for numbers with only tens or hundreds.Develop a foundation for understanding area and volume.Be able to represent and interpret data. Additionally, second-grade students should extend their understanding of the base-10  system. Writing Goals By the end of second grade, students must be able to capitalize and punctuate correctly and use punctuation to add effect to their writing. Second-graders should also be able to: Provide a strong beginning that will grab the readers attention.Create an ending that will show that their writing piece is finished.Use strategies to plan writing, such as brainstorming and using graphic organizers.Show their personality through their writing.Use a dictionary to self-correct during the drafting phase.Add details to support the main idea. Additionally, students should begin to use transition words in their writing to construct logical order, such as first, second, and third, or next and finally. At Home Goals Learning does not end in the classroom. While at home, students should: Practice math facts- three to five facts at a time- each night or at least five times a week.Study spelling patterns and practice spelling words in a variety of ways besides memorization.Read independently for at least 10 to 15 minutes each night.Have plenty of age-appropriate books available to help them develop vocabulary skills.Work with their parents to develop study skills that will last a lifetime. Even at home, children should use punctuation correctly and write in complete sentences in letters, shopping lists, and other writing.

Picassos Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Picassos Work - Essay Example In having such notable skills at such a tender age, Picasso decided to drop out of school and follow a career in art and painting. In having a natural talent and gift in art, Picasso managed to experiment and come up with unimaginable work of arts at that time. He and his friend Georges Braque founded the well known abstract movement known also as the cubism. As an artist, his style became diverse with his ideologies, explicable and experimental techniques and through his different theories. Picasso was a man full of imagination and possibilities as displayed from his art work. Apart from being an artist, he was also a thinker likened to people like Albert Einstein. Living in a culture that obeyed tradition, he managed to disobey it and followed his wishes. He defied the formal rules of art to explore and master realistic painting at a tender age. This made so unpredictable with his art and designs. When young, Picasso’s painting majorly revolved around cubism and sex. In fact , there are a lot of nude art work of which he demonstrates how the body of a woman could display a lot. Through his mindset, he did a brilliant sculpture work and graphic art forms in stage design, ceramics and mosaics. To this present day, his art and work are in museums and in personal collections all around the universe. As a teenager, he did his first painting in cubism known as the ladies of Avignon. Picasso loved displaying some of his art through painting entailing the nature of a woman’s body.

Statistical Analysis in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Statistical Analysis in Nursing - Essay Example 2.Non parametric tests like Chi square tests and Fischer’s test (as used in this study) are used when the sample size is small and does not represent the population in totality and also when the variables are ordinal, nominal and discrete variables( variables which cannot be measured and even if measured cannot be extrapolated to decimal places). Chi square value evaluates the association or independence between the two variables. If the probability value (p value) for null hypothesis for a particular value of chi square exceeds the critical chi square value then it is inferred that the two variables are not independent and the two variables are significantly associated with each other. ... ean importance values for each factor for the group of 21 nurses studied which were likely to influence decision making patterns were- future health status, 39%; family input, 19%; person's age, 13%; extra cost to agency, 12%; functional status, 10%; and mental competence, 6%. There were three other decision-making patterns, each exhibited by one nurse: One nurse relied heavily on mental competence (43%) and person's age (52%), another emphasized mental competence (43%) and functional status (29%), and the third used extra cost to agency (66%) supplemented by person's age (18%) for treatment of ID. Nurse's work site, age, education, and years of experience did not discriminate among these decision making patterns in this small pilot study sample.(These factors were not associated or correlated with decision making ) 3. Parametric tests like Student’s t test and ANOVA wee not suitable for this study as because the variables in question were not quantitative variables(measuremen t variables) and also because the sample size was too small. 4. The strengths of the study was rather than a prescriptive or normative perspective on decision making the method revealed how actually a decision making happens in a real life simulated situation. The measurements were appropriate in relation to chi square, Pearson’s r and Fischer’s test considering small and non-representative sample of the total population. The study design included all the appropriate variables that could have affected decision making process. The limitations were the sample size which needed to be more to have a correct extrapolation to the ID population treated at the ED on totality. Real-world decision making may depart from what was found in this study because simulation provides only an approximation of